I continue to talk about the Nobel award 2005... my girlfriend says that is boring...but I like reading histories about scientist and I want to share it with you!

if you are not interested and you want to read something other click this interesting site:  http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/

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now...I'll tell about scientists gossip...have a nice reading

 

Australians Barry J. Marshall and Robin Warren won the 2005 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine on Monday for discovering that bacteria , NOT STRESS, was the main cause of painful ulcers of the stomach and intestine. The 1982 discovery transformed peptic ulcer disease from a chronic, frequently disabling condition to one that can be cured by a short course of antibiotics and other medicines, the Nobel Prize committee said. Warren, 68, and Marshall, 54, found that Helicobacter pylori played a role in gastritis and peptic ulcers. ''This was very much against prevailing knowledge and dogma because it was thought that peptic ulcer disease was the result of stress and lifestyle,'' Staffan Normark, a member of the Nobel Assembly at Stockholm's Karolinska institute, said at a news conference announcing the winners. Many other diseases, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis happen because of chronic inflammation, the assembly said in its citation, adding that the Australians' discovery stimulated the search for microbes as possible reasons for other inflammations. The coveted award honoring achievements in medical research opened this year's series of prize announcements. It will be followed by prizes for physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics. ''Warren, a pathologist from Perth, Australia, observed small curved bacteria colonizing the lower part of the stomach in about 50 percent of patients from which biopsies had been taken,'' the Nobel Assembly said Monday. ''He made the crucial observation that signs of inflammation were always present in the gastric mucosa close to where the bacteria were seen.'' Marshall became interested in Warren's findings and together they initiated a study of biopsies from 100 patients. ''After several attempts, Marshall succeeded in cultivating a hitherto unknown bacterial species — later denoted Helicobacter pylori — from several of these biopsies,'' the assembly said. ''Together they found that the organism was present in almost all patients with gastric inflammation, duodenal ulcer or gastric ulcer. Based on these results, they proposed that Helicobacter pylori is involved in the aetiology of these diseases.'' The pair used common technology such as fiber endoscopy to help determine that Helicobacter pylori was responsible for many stomach ulcers. ''Thanks to the pioneering discovery by Marshall and Warren, peptic ulcer disease is no longer a chronic, frequently disabling condition, but a disease that can be cured by a short regimen of antibiotics and acid secretion inhibitors,'' the assembly said. By breeding the bacteria, they were able to make studying it, and the illnesses, easier. ''In 1982, when this bacterium was discovered by Marshall and Warren, stress and lifestyle were considered the major causes of peptic ulcer disease,'' the assembly said in its citation. ''It is now firmly established that Helicobacter pylori causes more than 90 percent of duodenal ulcers and up to 80 percent of gastric ulcers.'' The medicine prize is awarded by the Karolinska institute in Stockholm as stated in the will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist who founded the prestigious awards in 1895. The winners were picked by the institute's Nobel Assembly. The medicine prize includes a check for 10 million kronor (?1 million; US$1.3 million), a diploma, gold medal and a handshake with the king of Sweden at the award ceremony in Stockholm on Dec. 10. Warren and Marshall are not the first Australians to win a Nobel Prize. In 1973, Patrick White, the author of ''The Aunt's Story'' and ''The Tree of Man,'' was awarded the 1973 Nobel Prize in literature. Other Australian winners include John Warcup Cornforth who won the chemistry award in 1975, and medicine winners Sir Howard Walter Florey (1945), Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1960), Sir John Carew Eccles (1963) and Peter C. Doherty (1996). Last year's laureates, Americans Richard Axel and Linda B. Buck, won for discovering how people can recognize an estimated 10,000 odors — from spoiled meat to a lover's perfume — and remember it.